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Cybersecurity experts have revealed a malware initiative that employs counterfeit software installers posing as widely-used applications such as LetsVPN and QQ Browser to deploy the Winos 4.0 framework.
This initiative, initially identified by Rapid7 in February 2025, utilizes a multi-tiered, memory-resident loader referred to as Catena.
“Catena employs integrated shellcode and configuration modification techniques to stage
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