Insights from disclosed documents:

Although individuals frequently perceive China’s Great Firewall as a solitary, omnipotent government apparatus exclusive to China, the genuine mechanism of its development and upkeep parallels that of surveillance technologies in the West. Geedge partners with educational institutions on innovation and development, modifies its business approach to accommodate varying client demands, and even reutilizes excess infrastructure from its rivals.

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The similarities with Western practices are hard to overlook. Several American surveillance and propaganda entities originally began as academic initiatives before they were transformed into startups, expanding by pursuing governmental contracts. The distinction is that in China, these firms function with considerably less clarity. Their activities come to light only when a cache of documents surfaces on the internet.

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It is alluring to regard the Great Firewall or Chinese propaganda as the result of a top-down comprehensive strategy that solely the Chinese Communist Party could implement. However, these disclosures imply a more intricate reality. Censorship and propaganda initiatives require marketing, funding, and upkeep. They are influenced by the rationale of corporate quarterly financial goals and competitive proposals as much as by ideology—except the clients are governments, and the products can dictate or influence entire societies.

Further details concerning one of the two leaks.